Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
UK Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland, Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte, Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord, Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, (esper.) Britujo
Ismus, Ismo, Isme, Ismo, Ism, (esper.) ismoj
UK-Ismen
Anglizismen, Anglicismes, Anglicisms
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calque
loan translation (W3)
Both "calque" and "loan translation" are first found in the 1930s.
Engl. "calque" = dt. "Pause", "Durchzeichnung", "Nachahmung", "Lehnübersetzung", geht zurück auf lat. "calcare" = dt. "treten auf".
(E?)(L?) https://www.alphadictionary.com/goodword/date/2019/11/12
Meaning: "Loan translation", a word-for-word translation of a phrase or compound word in another language. The phrase "that goes without saying" is a calque of French "cela va sans dire".
Notes: The "QUE" pronounced [k] at the end of today's word is a sure sign of recent French borrowing. Just remember to spell this word correctly. That ending prevents any English suffixes which pretty much assures this word is a lexical orphan without derivational family.
In Play: "Nostalgia" was a loan translation of German "Heimweh" "homeward woe" into Greek "nostos" "homecoming" + "algos" "pain". "Notwithstanding" is a calque of Latin phrase "non obstante" "not obstructing", literally "not standing against". However, calques do not work on idiomatic phrases. Imagine a calque of "he flew off the handle". Nikita Khrushchev got into hot water when his translator used a calque to translate "We will bury you", meaning simply that "We will outlive/survive you." The implications of the Russian idiom in English were so striking that it earned an entry in Wikipedia.
Word History: This word was borrowed from French (and never returned) "calquer" "to trace", "to copy", itself borrowed from Italian "calcare" "to press". Italian inherited its word from Latin "calcare" "to tread on", a verb based on "calx" (calc-s) "heel". English contains another word based on "calx": "calk", referring to cleats on the bottom of athletic shoes. This is about all that is known of "calx". It also meant "limestone", so ended up in English as "chalk".
(E?)(L?) https://www.thoughtco.com/loan-translation-calque-1691255
What Is a Loan Translation or Calque?
Definition and Examples
(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=8&content=calque
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.
Engl. "calque" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1830 auf.
Erstellt: 2020-05
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Ism (W3)
(E?)(L?) http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/ism
The word "ism" was first used in 1680 and can be found in the works of such well-known writers as Thomas Carlyle, Julian Huxley and George Bernard Shaw. In the present day, it appears in the title of a standard survey of political thought, Today's ISMS by William Ebenstein, first published in the 1950s, and now in its 11th edition.
Erstellt: 2021-12
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jargon.net
International Style
(E3)(L1) http://www.jargon.net/jargonfile/i/InternationalStyle.html
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English often gives rise to grammatical and vocabulary mutations in the native language. For example, Italian hackers often use the nonexistent verbs "scrollare" (to "scroll") and "deletare" (to "delete") rather than native Italian "scorrere" and "cancellare". Similarly, the English verb to "hack" has been seen conjugated in Swedish. In German, many Unix terms in English are casually declined as if they were German verbs - thus: "mount" / "mounten" / "gemountet"; "grep" / "grepen" / "gegrept"; "fork" / "forken" / "geforkt"; "core dump" / "core-dumpen", "core-gedumpt". And Spanish-speaking hackers use "linkear" (to "link"), "debugear" (to "debug"), and "lockear" (to "lock").
Erstellt: 2021-12
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Ta
Laut "Business Spotlight" (Ausgabe 01/2003) ist "Ta" keine Abkürzung, sondern ein umgangssprachliches Wort für "thanks" (an informal British word for "thanks").
Erstellt: 2021-12
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Bücher zur Kategorie:
Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
UK Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland, Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte, Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord, Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, (esper.) Britujo
Ismus, Ismo, Isme, Ismo, Ism, (esper.) ismoj
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