Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
UK Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland, Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte, Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d'Irlande du Nord, Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, (esper.) Britujo
Chaostheorie (Chaosforschung), Teoría del Caos, Théorie du Chaos, Teoria del Caos, Chaos Theory, (esper.) haoso, kaoso teorio

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Chaos (W3)

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Chaos theory (W3)

Established in the 1960s, chaos theory deals with dynamical systems that, while in principle deterministic, have a high sensitivity to initial conditions, because their governing equations are nonlinear. Examples for such systems are the atmosphere, plate tectonics, economies, and population growth.
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chaos theory
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The "butterfly effect", first described by Lorenz at the December 1972 meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, D.C., vividly illustrates the essential idea of chaos theory. In a 1963 paper for the New York Academy of Sciences, Lorenz had quoted an unnamed meteorologist's assertion that, if chaos theory were true, a single flap of a single seagull's wings would be enough to change the course of all future weather systems on the earth. By the time of the 1972 meeting, he had examined and refined that idea for his talk, "Predictability: Does the Flap of a Butterfly's Wings in Brazil set off a Tornado in Texas?" The example of such a small system as a butterfly being responsible for creating such a large and distant system as a tornado in Texas illustrates the impossibility of making predictions for complex systems; despite the fact that these are determined by underlying conditions, precisely what those conditions are can never be sufficiently articulated to allow long-range predictions.
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Der sogenannte »Schmetterlingseffekt« geht zurück auf den Meteorologen Edward Lorenz. Der berechnete im Jahr 1961 auf einem Computer ein Modell zur Wettervorhersage. Anschließend ließ er dasselbe Programm noch einmal laufen, allerdings rundete er einen Eingangswert von sechs auf drei Nachkommastellen. Und prompt ergab sich ein völlig anderes Computerwetter!

Das war die Geburtsstunde der Chaostheorie. Sie besagt, dass manche physikalischen Systeme, unter anderem das Wetter, sehr empfindlich gegenüber winzigen Veränderungen der Ausgangsbedingungen sind.
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