"§"
bbc
The Story of Welsh

• History
• Story of Welsh
• Timeline
• Taith yr iaith

• Maps & Statistics
• Celtic Cauldron
• Language Family Tree
• Timeline
• A History of Wales by John Davies
• Reading the Ruins
• History Hunters
• Iron Age Celts
• Some Welsh surnames derive from the custom of carrying a father's name. Ap Hywel (son of Hywel) became in English Powell; ap Risiart became Pritchard, and ab Owain became Bowen.

"§"
bwrdd-yr-iaith
Welsh Language Board

Willkommen zur Website der Walisischen Sprachenbehörde. Sie enthält nützliche und interessante Informationen über Wales, die walisische Sprache und die Arbeit der Behörde innerhalb und außerhalb von Wales.

Die Behörde ist eine rechtliche Organisation, die 1993 aufgrund des Gesetzes über die walisischen Sprache eingerichtet wurde. Ihre Aufgabe ist der Einsatz und die Förderung der walisischen Sprache. Auf dieser Website wird gezeigt, wie das durchgeführt wird. Sie zeigt auch, wie Sie als Einzelperson, Firma oder Organisation mit der Sprache einen zweisprachigen Dienst anbieten können.

Es ist ganz normal, mehr als eine Sprache zu beherrschen. Über 60 % der Weltbevölkerung ist zweisprachig. Wenn Sie Walisisch lernen möchten, Ihre Kinder walisisch erziehen möchten, wenn Sie in der Schule oder Hochschule an einem Projekt über die Sprache arbeiten oder wenn Sie einfach mehr über Wales und Zweisprachigkeit lernen möchten, dann finden Sie auf dieser Website eine Antwort.

• Yr Iaith Gymraeg - The Welsh Language: History | Legislation | Number of speakers | Why speak Welsh? | Welsh Language Measure - what’s happening | Enjoying Welsh
• Gwasanaethau - Services: Order your Working Welsh badges for free! | Complaints procedure | Translation | Free translation | Terminology | Place-names | Contacting the EU in Welsh | Grants scheme
• Dysgu - Learning: Introducing Welsh | Cymraeg - Kids soak it up | Parents | Young People | Welsh Homework Support Line | Providers | Learn or improve your Welsh
• Defnyddio - Using: Using Welsh | Advice for Businesses | Advice for Public Bodies | Advice for Third Sector Bodies | Bilingual Workplaces | Using Welsh services | Welsh Technology | Welsh names for children
• Amdanom Ni - About Us: Strategic Priorities | Board Meetings | Board Members | Management Team | Partners | Jobs | How does the Board operate? | What does the Board do?

"§"
Cadw (W3)

Welcome

"Cadw" is the historic environment service of the Welsh Assembly Government. "Cadw" (pronounced cad-oo) is a Welsh word meaning "to keep".

We welcome over a million visitors to our sites every year. To find out about them, click on 'Places to Visit'.
...

"§"
epodunk
Wales

Wales is a country of the United Kingdom.
...
Former and merged names include: "Cambria"
...

"§"
epodunk
County Profiles (UK, WA)

• Anglesey
• Brecknockshire
• Caernarfonshire
• Cardiganshire
• Carmarthenshire
• Denbighshire
• Flintshire
• Glamorgan
• Merioneth
• Monmouthshire
• Montgomeryshire
• Pembrokeshire
• Radnorshire

"§"
epodunk
Community-Profiles (UK, WA)

COMMUNITIES LIST - Wales
(2008-02-24) Our listings for Wales include the following communities:

• Aberaeron (town), Ceredigion
• Abercarn (town), Caerphilly
• Abercynon (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Aberdare (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Aberdulais, Neath Port Talbot
• Aberfan, Merthyr Tydfil
• Abergavenny (town), Monmouthshire
• Abergele (town), Conwy
• Abergorlech, Carmarthenshire
• Abergwili, Carmarthenshire
• Abermaw (town), Gwynedd
• Aberporth, Ceredigion
• Abersychan (town), Torfaen
• Abertillery (town), Blaenau Gwent
• Aberystwyth (town), Ceredigion
• Amlwch (town), Isle of Anglesey
• Ammanford (town), Carmarthenshire
• Bala (town), Gwynedd
• Bangor (city), Gwynedd
• Bargod (town), Caerphilly
• Barry, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Barry Island, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Beaumaris (town), Isle of Anglesey
• Bedwas (town), Caerphilly
• Bethesda (town), Gwynedd
• Betws-y-Coed (town), Conwy
• Blackwood (town), Caerphilly
• Blaenau Ffestiniog (town), Gwynedd
• Blaenavon (town), Torfaen
• Blaina (town), Blaenau Gwent
• Bodelwyddan, Denbighshire
• Borth, Ceredigion
• Borth-y-Gest, Gwynedd
• Brecon (town), Powys
• Bridgend (town), Ceredigion
• Bryn-henllan, Pembrokeshire
• Builth Wells (town), Powys
• Burry Port (town), Carmarthenshire
• Butetown, Cardiff
• Caerffil (town), Caerphilly
• Caerleon (town), Newport
• Caernarfon (town), Gwynedd
• Caerwent, Monmouthshire
• Caldicot, Monmouthshire
• Cardiff (city), Cardiff
• Cardigan (town), Ceredigion
• Carmarthen (town), Carmarthenshire
• Chepstow (town), Monmouthshire
• Cilycwm, Carmarthenshire
• Clyro, Powys
• Colwyn Bay (town), Conwy
• Connah's Quay (town), Flintshire
• Conwy (town), Conwy
• Corwen, Denbighshire
• Cowbridge, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Criccieth (town), Gwynedd
• Crickhowell, Powys
• Crymych, Pembrokeshire
• Cwmaman, Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Cwmbran (town), Newport
• Cwmfelinfach, Caerphilly
• Cynwyl Elfet, Carmarthenshire
• Denbigh (town), Denbighshire
• Devil's Bridge, Ceredigion
• Dinas Cross, Pembrokeshire
• Dolgellau (town), Gwynedd
• Dolwyddelan, Conwy
• Ebbw Vale (town), Blaenau Gwent
• Efailwen, Carmarthenshire
• Eglwyswrw, Pembrokeshire
• Ewenny, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Ewloe, Flintshire
• Ferndale (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Fishguard (town), Pembrokeshire
• Flemingston, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Flint (town), Flintshire
• Glyn Ceiriog, Wrexham
• Glyndyfrdwy, Denbighshire
• Golden Grove, Carmarthenshire
• Gorseinon (town), Swansea
• Grosmont, Monmouthshire
• Hanmer, Wrexham
• Harlech, Gwynedd
• Haverfordwest (town), Pembrokeshire
• Hawarden, Flintshire
• Hay-on-Wye (town), Powys
• Holyhead (town), Isle of Anglesey
• Kenfig, Bridgend
• Kidwelly (town), Carmarthenshire
• Kilgetty, Pembrokeshire
• Lampeter (town), Ceredigion
• Laugharne, Carmarthenshire
• Letterston, Pembrokeshire
• Little Newcastle, Pembrokeshire
• Llanarmon Dyffryn Ceiriog, Wrexham
• Llanarthne, Carmarthenshire
• Llanbadarn Fawr, Ceredigion
• Llanberis, Gwynedd
• Llanblethian, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Llandaff, Cardiff
• Llandanwg, Gwynedd
• Llandeilo, Carmarthenshire
• Llandovery (town), Carmarthenshire
• Llandrindod (town), Powys
• Llandudno (town), Conwy
• Llandysul, Ceredigion
• Llanelli (town), Carmarthenshire
• Llanfair, Gwynedd
• Llanfairfechan (town), Conwy
• Llanfihangel-ar-arth, Carmarthenshire
• Llanfihangel-yng-Ngwynfa, Powys
• Llanfrothen, Gwynedd
• Llanfyllin, Powys
• Llanfynydd, Carmarthenshire
• Llangathen, Carmarthenshire
• Llangefni (town), Isle of Anglesey
• Llangollen (town), Denbighshire
• Llangunnor, Carmarthenshire
• Llanidloes (town), Powys
• Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant, Powys
• Llanrug, Gwynedd
• Llanrwst (town), Conwy
• Llansannan, Conwy
• Llansantffraed, Powys
• Llansawel, Carmarthenshire
• Llanthony, Monmouthshire
• Llantilio Crossenny, Monmouthshire
• Llantwit Major, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Llanuwchllyn, Gwynedd
• Llanwrtyd Wells (town), Powys
• Llanystumdwy, Gwynedd
• Loveston, Pembrokeshire
• Machynlleth (town), Powys
• Maesteg (town), Bridgend
• Manorbier, Pembrokeshire
• Margam, Neath Port Talbot
• Menai Bridge, Isle of Anglesey
• Merthyr Tydfil (town), Merthyr Tydfil
• Milford, Powys
• Milford Haven (town), Pembrokeshire
• Mold (town), Flintshire
• Monmouth (town), Monmouthshire
• Montgomery (town), Powys
• Mountain Ash (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Mumbles, Swansea
• Mynachlog-ddu, Pembrokeshire
• Nantgarw, Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Nantyglo (town), Blaenau Gwent
• Narberth (town), Pembrokeshire
• Neath (town), Neath Port Talbot
• Nevern, Pembrokeshire
• New Quay (town), Ceredigion
• New Tredegar, Caerphilly
• Newcastle Emlyn (town), Carmarthenshire
• Newport (city), Newport
• Newport, Pembrokeshire
• Neyland (town), Pembrokeshire
• Ogmore, The Vale of Glamorgan
• Oxwich, Swansea
• Oystermouth, Swansea
• Pantasaph, Flintshire
• Parkmill, Swansea
• Pembroke (town), Pembrokeshire
• Penarth (town), The Vale of Glamorgan
• Penmaenmawr (town), Conwy
• Penrhyndeudraeth, Gwynedd
• Pontardawe, Neath Port Talbot
• Ponterwyd, Ceredigion
• Pontllanfraith (town), Caerphilly
• Pontrhydyfen, Neath Port Talbot
• Pontyclun, Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Pontycymer (town), Bridgend
• Pontypool (town), Torfaen
• Pontypridd (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Port Talbot (town), Neath Port Talbot
• Porth (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Porthcawl (town), Bridgend
• Porthgain, Pembrokeshire
• Porthmadog (town), Gwynedd
• Portmeirion, Gwynedd
• Prestatyn (town), Denbighshire
• Presteigne (town), Powys
• Pumsaint, Carmarthenshire
• Pwllheli (town), Gwynedd
• Raglan, Monmouthshire
• Rhondda (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Rhuddlan, Denbighshire
• Rhyd-Ddu, Gwynedd
• Rhyl (town), Denbighshire
• Rhymney (town), Caerphilly
• Risca (town), Caerphilly
• Rosebush, Pembrokeshire
• Ruthin (town), Denbighshire
• Skenfrith, Monmouthshire
• Slough (town), Powys
• Square and Compass, Pembrokeshire
• St Asaph, Denbighshire
• St David's (city), Pembrokeshire
• St Fagans, Cardiff
• Swansea (city), Swansea
• Talgarth, Powys
• Talsarnau, Gwynedd
• Tenby (town), Pembrokeshire
• Thornhill, Cardiff
• Tongwynlais, Cardiff
• Tonypandy (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Trawsfynydd, Gwynedd
• Tredegar (town), Blaenau Gwent
• Trefor, Gwynedd
• Treherbert (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Tremeirchion, Denbighshire
• Treorchy (town), Rhondda, Cynon, Taff
• Tywyn (town), Gwynedd
• Usk (town), Monmouthshire
• Welshpool (town), Powys
• Wrexham (town), Wrexham

"§"
europa
Wales

"§"
Holywell (W3)

...
Winefride - the Welsh Lazarus - went down into death and returned to life through a special mercy of God. For Christians, their baptism paralleled this experience. And, like Winefride going down to death and rising to life, and like the Christian entering the waters of baptism and coming forth to spiritual wholeness, the sick pilgrim to Holywell went down into the waters of the Well and came out restored to health. Symbolically imitating Winefride, renewing their own baptisms, and incorporating themselves into Christ, all devout pilgrims to Holywell have experienced their pilgrimage as a profound symbol of their whole spiritual life.
...

"§"
linternaute.com
Pays de Galles

Un voyage aux Pays de Galles

Après avoir visité le Pays de Galles, vous comprendrez pourquoi la population défend une telle culture. Les Gallois sont conscients qu'ils doivent protéger leur nation afin de la faire avancer dans l'avenir. Cela se fait d'abord sentir à travers leur langue qu'ils sont si fiers de pratiquer. Le gallois est peut-être la seule langue celtique qui traversera le XXIème siècle. A travers les monuments et les musées vous découvrirez la richesse de cette culture.
...

"§"
LLANFAIRPWLLGWYNGYLLGOGERYCHWYRNDROBWLLLLANTYSILIOGOGOGOCH, Isle of Anglesey

...
The long name translates to mean "St Mary's Church in the hollow of white hazel near a rapid whirlpool and the Church of St Tysilio near the red cave." It was named this in 1880, with the hope that the length of the name would draw tourists.
...

Impossible de trouver en Europe une ville dont le nom dépasserait celui de cette ravissante commune du Pays de Galles, "Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch". Oui, vous pouvez essayer de le prononcer, il y a même un concours sur le site de la ville ! Si, à l'origine, la ville avait un nom légèrement plus court, celui-ci a été allongé au XIXème siècle afin que les voyageurs en trains aient envie de s'y arrêter. Ce nom, totalement artificiel, signifie en gallois : "l'église de sainte Marie dans le creux du noisetier blanc près d'un tourbillon rapide et l'église de saint Tysilio près de la grotte rouge". Pour plus de facilité, la ville est surnommée Llanfair PG. Très touristique, elle comporte des passages obligés comme la gare, la colonne du Marquis d'Anglesey ou encore l'ancien péage. © Bob Jones / Flicker

"§"
omniglot
Welsh language related links

• Online Welsh lessons and other resources for learners
• Online Welsh dictionaries
• Welsh language radio and TV
• Welsh newspapers and magazines
• Online Welsh language book and music shops
• Welsh language courses in Wales and elsewhere
• Welsh language organisations
• Welsh institutions
• Welsh-medium education
• Welsh in Patagonia

"§"
projetbabel.org
Walloon-English - Gastronomy Dictionary
Dictionnaire wallon-anglais de la gastronomie

Author : JMK Brough

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - K - L - M - N - O - P - R - S - T - V - W - Y - Z

"§"
rootsweb
Welsh Folk Music

The English lyrics are not necessarily direct translations of the Welsh.

A Ei Di'r 'Deryn Du (Blackbird Will You Go) | Ar Ben Waun Tredegar (On Top of Tredegar Moor) | Ar hyd y Nos (All Through the Night) | Ar Lan y Môr (Beside the Sea) | Blodau'r Grug (Flowers of the Heath) | Calon Lân (Oh Pure Heart) | Clychau Aberdyfi (The Bells Of Aberdovey) | Cwm Rhondda (Rhondda Valley) | Dafydd y Gareg Wen (David Of The White Rock) | Y Deryn Pur (The Gentle Dove) | Y Ferch O'r Scer (The Lady of Sker) | Hen Wlad fy Nhadau (Land Of My Fathers) | Hob Y Derry Dando | Lisa Lân (Fair Lisa) | Llwyn On (The Ash Grove) | The Maid of Llanwellyn | Morfa Rhuddlan (The Marsh Of Rhuddlan) | Myfanwy | Yr Eneth Gadd Ei Gwrthod (The Rejected Maiden) | Pan O'wn i'n Rhodio (When I Was Roaming) | Pant Corlan yr Wyn (Let Now the Harp) | Rhyfelgyrch gwyr Harlech (Men of Harlech) | Sosban Fach (The Little Saucepan) | Suo Gan (Sleep My Baby)

"§"
Uni Laval
L'aménagement linguistique dans Pays de Galles
Langues dans Pays de Galles

(anglais-gallois) = R.-U.

"§"
visitwales
The Welsh Language

Welsh is a Celtic language, closely related to Cornish and Breton. The Welsh we speak today is directly descended from the language of the sixth century, and is one of Europe’s oldest living languages.

Welsh is spoken widely throughout the country and is the first language in many parts of the north and west. National TV and radio stations broadcast in Welsh, road signs are written in Welsh and English, there are Welsh medium schools, books, magazines newspapers and websites.

It’s called "Cymraeg" in Welsh, and it’s a language with entirely regular and phonetic spelling. Although you wouldn’t necessarily know it to look at a word like Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch.

But most other Welsh words are a lot shorter, and once you know the rules, you can learn to read and pronounce Welsh fairly easily.
...

Areas

• The Isle of Anglesey
• Llandudno and Colwyn Bay
• Rhyl and Prestatyn
• North Wales Borderlands
• Snowdonia Mountains and Coast
• Ceredigion/Cardigan Bay
• Mid Wales and Brecon Beacons
• Pembrokeshire
• Carmarthenshire
• Swansea Bay, Mumbles and Gower
• Glamorgan Heritage Coast
• South Wales Valleys
• Cardiff, Capital of Wales
• Wye Valley and Vale of Usk

"§"
Wales (W3)

"§"
Wales
Walnuß
walnut
Cornwall
Wallonien (W3)

"§"
welsh - Welsh-English-Welsh
Welsh Spell-Checker
Glossary of Grammatical Terms

A Welsh Course | Contents: | Introduction | Contents of the Course | Other Network Resources for Welsh Learners | Cultural Resources | Language Resources | Sources about Middle Welsh | What's New

Table of Contents - Documents in This Directory

A Welsh Course | A Welsh Course | Introduction | Contents of the Course | Other Network Resources for Welsh Learners | Cultural Resources | Language Resources | Sources about Middle Welsh | What's New | About the Author, Mark Nodine | About the Author, Mark Nodine | Employment | Education | Connection with Welsh | Personal Details | Acknowledgements | Acknowledgements | Lesson 1. Pronunciation | Lesson 1. Pronunciation | 1.1. Introduction | 1.2. Internet Orthography | 1.3. Simple Vowels | 1.4. Diphthongs | 1.5. Consonants | 1.6. Other Strange Combinations | 1.7. Where Does the Stress Go? | 1.8. What Do the Accents Mean? | 1.9. Words to Beware | Footnotes 1 (for the terminally curious) | Lesson 2. To Be or Not to Be | Lesson 2. To Be or Not to Be | 2.1. How to say "I am", "you are", etc. | 2.2. How to say "Am I?", etc. | 2.3. How to say "Yes" and "No" | 2.4. How to say "I am not", etc. | Vocabulary 2 | Exercises 2 | Footnotes 2 (for the terminally curious) | Lesson 3. Simple Sentences | Lesson 3. Simple Sentences | 3.1. How to say "a" and "the" | 3.2. How to say "I am reading" | 3.3. Adjectives I | 3.4. "This" and "that" | Ymarfer 3 | Sgwrs 3 | Geirfa 3 | Exercises 3 | Lesson 4. The Soft Mutation | Lesson 4. The Soft Mutation | 4.1. Gender of Nouns | 4.2. Plurals | 4.3. Agreement of Pronouns | 4.4. Mutation of Feminine Nouns after "y" | 4.5. The Number "One" | 4.6. Adjectives with Feminine Nouns | 4.7. How to Say "I want" | Ymarfer 4 | Sgwrs 4 | Geirfa 4 | Exercises 4 | Footnotes 4 (for the terminally curious) | Lesson 5. There are Many Things in this Lesson | Lesson 5. There are Many Things in this Lesson | 5.1. How to Say You are Happy | 5.2. How to Say Something is "Too Hot" or "So Hot" | 5.3. How to Say "There is/are" | 5.4. How to Say "It" | 5.5. Soft Mutation after "i" | 5.6. How to Say "Many Things" | 5.7. Future Using "Mynd" | Ymarfer 5 | Sgwrs 5 | Geirfa 5 | Exercises 5 | Footnotes 5 (for the terminally curious) | Lesson 6. How to Be *Emphatic* and Possessive | Lesson 6. How to Be *Emphatic* and Possessive | 6.1. Emphatic Subjects | 6.2. Emphatic Complements | 6.3. Emphatic Questions and Answers | 6.4. Possessive Nouns | 6.5. How to Say "All" | 6.6. Here and There | 6.7. Two | 6.8. Indirect Objects and Personal Forms of "i" | Ymarfer 6 | Sgwrs 6 | Geirfa 6 | Exercises 6 | Footnotes 6 (for the terminally curious) | Lesson 7. My Perfect Thing to Have: Imperatives | Lesson 7. My Perfect Thing to Have: Imperatives | 7.1. How to Say "My" (and Other Nasally Mutated Things) | 7.2. The Perfect Tense | 7.3. How to Have Things | 7.4. Be Imperative! | 7.5. How to Say "Another" or "Else" | Ymarfer 7 | Sgwrs 7 | Geirfa 7 | Exercises 7 | Footnotes 7 (for the terminally curious) | Appendix A. Mutations | Appendix A. Mutations | A.1. Introduction | A.2. Soft Mutation | A.3. Aspirate Mutation | A.4. Nasal Mutation | A.5. Mixed Mutation | A.6. Back Transforming Mutations | A.7. Why Mutations? | Appendix B. Summary of When to Mutate | Appendix B. Summary of When to Mutate | B.1. Introduction | B.2. Limited Soft Mutation | B.3. Soft Mutation | B.4. Aspirate Mutation | B.5. Nasal Mutation | B.6. Mixed Mutation | Appendix C. Conjugational Endings and Irregular Forms | Appendix C. Conjugational Endings and Irregular Forms | C.1. Introduction | C.2. Endings for Verbs | C.2.1. The Normal Endings | C.2.2. The Contracted Endings | C.2.3. The "-hau" Endings | C.2.4. The "-a/u" Endings | C.2.5. The "-bod" and "-fod" Endings | C.2.6. The "mynd" Endings (and the Verb "mynd") | C.2.7. The "gwybod" Endings (and the Verb "gwybod") | C.3. Irregular Verbs | C.3.1. The Verb "bod" | C.3.2. The Verb "adnabod" ("nabod") | C.3.3. The Verb "gwybod" | C.3.4. The Verb "dod" | C.3.5. The Verb "mynd" | C.3.6. The Verb "cael" | C.4. Endings for Adjectives | C.5. Endings for Prepositions | C.5.1. First Conjugation | C.5.2. Second Conjugation | C.6. Irregular Prepositions | C.6.1. Gan | C.6.2. I | C.6.3. O | C.6.4. Tros/Dros | C.6.5. Trwy/Drwy | C.6.6. Wrth | Footnotes C | Appendix D. Using Welsh-English Dictionaries | Appendix D. Using Welsh-English Dictionaries | D.1. The Welsh Alphabet | D.2. Why You Might Not Find Words in the Dictionary | D.3. How To Look Words Up in the Dictionary | Footnotes D | Appendix E. Results of Linguistic Research | Appendix E. Results of Linguistic Research | E.1. Stress in Welsh Pronunciation | E.2. Epenthetic Vowels | E.2.1. The Basics of Epenthetic Vowels | E.2.2. The Copying Rule and Vowel Shifts | Appendix F: A Welsh-English Meta-Dictionary | Appendix F: A Welsh-English Meta-Dictionary | Introduction | Blank | Glossary of Grammatical Terms | Glossary of Grammatical Terms | Bibliography | Bibliography

Glossary of Grammatical Terms

&1 | &2+ | &a/u | accent | accented syllable | accents, meaning | accents, orthography | active | acw | &adj | adjective | adjectives, endings, normal | adjectives, mutation with feminine nouns | adjectives, simple | adnabod, conjugation of | adverb | all | alphabet | an-, nasal mutation with | apposition | arall | article | aspirate mutation | assimilation | assimilation of yn | bod | &bod | bod, conjugation of | bod as a helping verb, perfect tense | bod as a helping verb, present tense | braf | cael, conjugation of | case | chi | clause | clear | collective | comparative | complement | complements, emphatic, present tense | compound subject | conjugate | conjunction | consonant | contact mutation | dau | defective | definite article | diaeresis | dictionary, using | digon | digraph | diphthong | direct object | dod, conjugation of | dwy | eisiau | emphatic complements, present tense | emphatic questions, present tense | emphatic subjects, present tense | epenthetic | equative | eraill | falling | &fod | fy | fy, nasal mutation with | gender | genders | genitive, partitive | gormod | &gwybod | gwybod, conjugation of | &hau | hau, conjugation of | have, periphrastic with "gyda" | here | &i | ie | imperative | imperatives, 2. plural | indicative | indirect object | indirect objects | interjection | intransitive verb | i gyd | limited soft mutation | llawer | long vowels | many | mixed mutation | mood | mor | mutation, "dau"/"dwy" after "y" | mutation, adjectives after "mor" | mutation, adjectives after "rhy" | mutation, adjectives after "yn" | mutation, adjectives with feminine nouns | mutation, after "dau"/"dwy" | mutation, aspirate, definition | mutation, contact after "i" | mutation, contact after "o" | mutation, contact after "wrth" | mutation, feminine nouns after "un" | mutation, feminine nouns after "y" | mutation, mixed, definition | mutation, nasal, definition | mutation, nouns after "yn" | mutation, soft, definition | mutations, soft after noun phrases | mynd | &mynd | mynd, conjugation of | nage | nasal mutation | nasal mutation with an- | nasal mutation with fy | nasal mutation with yn | negative statements, indefinite subjects | negative statements, present tense | nifer | normal endings for adjectives | normal endings for verbs | noun | nouns, gender of | nouns, mutation of feminine after "un" | nouns, mutation of feminine after "y" | nouns, plurals of | nouns, possessive | nouns, singular after numbers | number | object | objects, indirect | obscure | oes | orthography, Internet | particle | partitive genitive | passive | penult | perfect | perfect tense | periphrastic | person | personal forms | personal forms, i | personal pronoun | phrase | plural | plurals | possessive | possessive nouns | predicate | predicate adjective | predicate noun | &prep1 | &prep2 | preposition | prepositional phrase | prepositions, personal forms | present | present tense of "bod" | pronoun | pronouns, agreement of | pronouns, impersonal | pronunciation, consonants | pronunciation, diphthongs | pronunciation, stress | pronunciation, vowels | proper noun | questions, answering, indefinite subjects | questions, answering, present tense | questions, asking, indefinite subjects | questions, asking, present tense | questions, emphatic, present tense | relative clause | rhagor | rhy | rising | sentence | short vowels | so | soft mutation | soft mutation after noun phrases | statements, indefinite subjects | stress | subject | subjects, emphatic, present tense | subjects, indefinite | subjunctive | superlative | sy | sydd | syllable | tense | tenses, perfect indicative (using bod) | tenses, present indicative of bod | tenses, present indicative using bod | that | there | this | ti | too | transitive verb | two | ultima | un | verb | verb-noun | verbs, endings, contracted | verbs, endings, normal | voice | vowel | want | weak consonant | ychydig | yma | yn, assimilation of | yn, nasal mutation with | yn, particle, before adjectives | yn, particle, before nouns | yn, particle, before verbs | yna | yno | you, polite vs. informal | yw

"§"
Jones, Bob Morris (Autor)
Tense and Aspect in Informal Welsh
(Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [Tilsm])

Jones, Bob Morris
Tense and Aspect in Informal Welsh
2010 | Hardcover | RRP Euro [D] 129.95 / for USA, Canada, Mexico US$ 182.00. * ISBN 978-3-11-022796-3 Reihe: Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM] 223

Produktinfo
The book provides a descriptive account of the semantics of three grammatical areas in informal Welsh: inflections of finite verbs, perfect aspect, and progressive aspect. The analyses distinguish context-independent primary meanings from other meanings which are due to implications and contextual effects.

The inflections convey factuality, tense, (morphological) aspect, and habituality, but the inflections and their meanings are differently distributed over different sorts of verbs. The analysis of factuality outlines different sorts of counterfactual situations, and discusses whether counterfactual meaning can best be accounted for in terms of true statements in imagined possible worlds or in terms of false statements in the actual world. The analysis of tense argues that it conveys evaluation time and not situation time, which can be different to evaluation time, and that tense is not a collection of simple labels like 'past' or 'present' but is a combination of two times, a deictic reference time and a relative evaluation time, which organize the tenses as a system. Morphological aspect is discussed in terms of perfective and imperfective meanings. Habituality is a property of situations which can be described by all inflections but the study shows that bod 'be' alone has specialized forms to convey habituality.

The discussion of the perfect aspect considers the appropriateness of anterior time, retrospective view, and current relevance to account for its meaning. The author argues that the progressive aspect conveys a durative view and the non-progressive a non-durative view, and shows that the progressive can describe situations which are described by the non-progressive in other languages. The study also considers whether other expressions can be aspect markers.

The book shows that the primary meanings of the three grammatical areas are subject to various constraints.

"§"
Winn, Christopher (Autor)
I Never Knew That About Wales

Kurzbeschreibung
Take a spellbinding journey around Wales to discover the tales buried deep in the country’s history. Visit the thirteen traditional Welsh counties and unearth the hidden gems that they each hold. This book seeks out Wales heritage, monuments, memories and secrets.

Synopsis
Packed full of legends, firsts, birthplaces, inventions and adventures, "I Never Knew That About Wales" visits the thirteen traditional Welsh counties and unearths the hidden gems that they each hold. Discover where history and legends happened; where people, ideas and inventions began; where dreams took flight; where famous figures were born and now rest. A glittering pantheon of writers and artists, thinkers and inventors, heroes and villains have lived and toiled in this small country. Remarkable events, noble (and dastardly) deeds and exciting adventures have all taken place with Wales as their backdrop. This book seeks out their heritage, their monuments, their memories and their secrets. You'll be able to visit Britain's smallest city, St David's with its glorious 12th-century cathedral slumbering in a sleepy hollow near the sea. Explore Britain's greatest collection of castles from the first stone fortress at Chepstow to Britain's finest concentric castle at Beaumaris and the magnificent Caernarvon, birthplace of the first Prince of Wales.

Browse through the second hand book capital of the world, Hay-on-Wye, wander the glorious Gower peninsula, Britain's first Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Take a trip to Fishguard, where the last invasion of Britain took place in 1797. Marvel at Thomas Telford's Menai Bridge, the world's first iron suspension bridge or Pontcysyllte, the longest bridged aqueduct in Britain. This irresistible compendium of facts and stories will give you a captivating insight into the people, ideas and events that have shaped the individual identity of every place you visit, and will have you exclaiming again and again: 'Well, I never knew that!'