Hungary (W3)
Dt. Ungarn", engl. "Hungary" gehen zurück auf türk. "on-ogur" = dt. "(Volk der) zehn Pfeile" mit der Bedeutung "Volk der zehn Stämme".(E?)(L?) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_country_name_etymologies
"Hungary": Turkic "on-ogur", "(people of the) ten arrows" - in other words, "alliance of the ten tribes". Byzantine chronicles gave this name to the Hungarians; the chroniclers mistakenly assumed that the Hungarians had Turkic origins, based on their Turkic-nomadic customs and appearance, despite the Finno-Ugric language of the people. The Hungarian tribes later actually formed an alliance of the seven Hungarian and three Khazarian tribes, but the name is from before then, and first applied to the original seven Hungarian tribes. The ethnonym "Hunni" (referring to the "Huns") has influenced the Latin (and English) spelling.
"Uhorshchyna" (Ukrainian), "Vuhoršcyna" (Belarusian), "Wegry" (Polish), "Wedzierskô" (Kashubian), and "Ugre" (Old Russian): from the Turkic "on-ogur", see above. The same root emerges in the ethnonym "Yugra" in Siberia, inhabited by Khanty and Mansi people, the closest relatives to Hungarians in the Finno-Ugric language family.
"Magyarország" (native name - "land of the Magyars"), and derivatives, eg. Czech "Madarsko", Turkish "Macaristan": According to a famous Hungarian chronicle (Simon of Kéza: Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum, 1282), "Magyar" ("Magor"), the forefather of all Hungarians, had a brother named "Hunor" (the ancestor of the "Huns"); their father king "Menrot", builder of the tower of Babel, equates to the "Nimrod" of the Hebrew Bible.
(E1)(L1) http://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?corpus=0&content=Hungary
Abfrage im Google-Corpus mit 15Mio. eingescannter Bücher von 1500 bis heute.
Engl. "Hungary" taucht in der Literatur um das Jahr 1510 / 1620 auf.
Erstellt: 2014-10