Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
GR Griechenland, Grecia, Grèce, Grecia, Greece, (esper.) Grekujo
Mineral, Mineral, Minéral, Minerale, Mineral, (esper.) mineralogio

marmararios (W3)

"marmarários", gr., M.: nhd. "Marmorarbeiter"; E.: s. "mármaros" (1); L.: Frisk 2, 177

mármaros (W3)

"marmáreos", gr., Adj.: nhd. "funkelnd", "strahlend"; # Etymologie: s. "mármaros" (1); # Literaturhinweise: Frisk 2, 176

"marmaritis", gr., F.: nhd. "eine Pflanze"; # Etymologie: s. "mármaros" (1); # Literaturhinweise: Frisk 2, 177

"marmaróeis", gr., Adj.: nhd. "funkelnd", "strahlend"; # Etymologie: s. "mármaros" (1); # Literaturhinweise: Frisk 2, 177

"mármaros" (2), gr., Adj.: nhd. "glänzend"; # Verweis: s. "peri"; # Etymologie: s. "mármaros (1)

"perimármaros", gr., Adj.: nhd. "ringsum glänzend", "ringsum funkelnd"; # Etymologie: s. "perí", "mármaros" (1)

"Marmel", "Murmel", nhd., M., (8. Jh.): nhd. "Marmel", "Murmel", "Spielkugel"; ne. "marble" (N.); # Hinweise: s. "Marmor"; # Quellen: nach 765? (Glosse); # Etymologie: mhd. "marmel", "mermel", st. M., "Marmor"; mnd. "mermel", M., "Marmor"; mnl. "marbel", M., "Marmor"; ahd. "marmul"*, st. M. (a?, i?), "Marmor"; ahd. "murmul"*, st. M. (a?, i?), "Marmor"; lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor", (204-169 v. Chr.); vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer-" (5), "*mere-", "*merhe-", V., "reiben", "packen", "zerdrücken", "rauben", Pokorny 735 (1230/95) (RB. idg. aus ind., iran., arm., gr., alb.?, ital., kelt., germ., balt., slaw., heth.); # Literaturhinweise: Kluge 1. A. s. u. "Marmel", Kluge s. u. "Marmel", EWD s. u. "Murmel", DW 12, 1659, EWAhd 6, 181, Duden s. u. "Marmel", "Bluhme" s. u. "Murmel"; # Sonstiges: vgl. nschw. "marmorkulla", Sb., "Murmel"; lit. "marmulas", M., "Marmor"; GB.: seit dem Frühmitttelalter Bezeichnung für eine Spielkugel; BM.: "Stein aus Marmor" bzw. "reiben"; F.: "Marmel", "Marmeln", "Murmel", "Murmeln" + FW; Z.: Mar-m-el

"marmaritis", lat., F.: nhd. "eine in Marmorbrüchen wachsende Pflanze"; # Quellen: Plin. (23/24-79 n. Chr.); I.: Lw. gr. "marmaritis"; # Etymologie: s. gr. "marmaritis", F., eine Pflanze; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; vgl. idg. *mer- (5), "*mere-", "*merhe-", V., "reiben", "packen", "zerdrücken", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Literaturhinweise: Georges 2, 817, TLL

"marmaritis", lat., F.: nhd. "eine in Marmorbrüchen wachsende Pflanze"; # Quelle: Plin. (23/24-79 n. Chr.); I.: # Lehnwort: gr. "marmaritis";

Etymologie: s. "marmaritis", F., eine Pflanze; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; vgl. idg. "*mer-" (5), "*mere-", "*merhe-", V., "reiben", "packen", "zerdrücken", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Literaturhinweise: Georges 2, 817, TLL

"marma", ae., sw. M. (n): nhd. "Marmor"; # Hinweise: s. "marmel", "marmor"; vgl. an. "marmari"; I.: Lw. lat. "marmor"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer-" (5), "*mere-", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Literaturhinweise: Hh 215

"marmorfaz"* 1, ahd., st. N. (a): nhd. "Marmorgefäß", "Alabastergefäß", "Salbfass"; ne. "marble vase", "oil-vessel"; # Übersetzungsgleichung: lat. "alabastrum" Gl; # Quellen: Gl (9. Jh.); I.: z. T. Lw. lat. "marmor", Lsch. lat. "alabastrum"?; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer-" (5), "*mere-", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; s. ahd. "faz"

"marmul"* 2, ahd., st. M. (a?, i?): nhd. "Marmor"; ne. "marble" (N.); # Übersetzungsgleichung: lat. "marmor" Gl; # Hinweise: s. "murmul"*; # Quellen: Gl (nach 765?); I.: Lw. lat. "marmor"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer-" (5), "*mere-", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Weiterleben: mhd. "marmel", "mermel", st. M., "Marmor"; nhd. "Marmel", M., "Marmor", DW 12, 1659

"murmul"* 1, ahd., st. M. (a?, i?): nhd. "Marmor"; ne. "marble" (N.); # Übersetzungsgleichung: lat. "marmor" Gl; # Hinweise: s. "marmorin"*, "marmul"*; # Quellen: Gl (Ende 8. Jh.); I.: Lw. lat. "marmor"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer-" (5), "*mere-", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Weiterleben: nhd. "Murmel", M., "Marmor", "Murmel", DW 12, 2718

"marma", ae., sw. M. (n): nhd. "Marmor"; # Hinweise: s. "marmel", "marmor"; vgl. an. "marmari"; I.: Lw. lat. "marmor"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer" (5), "*mere" , V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Literaturhinweise: Hh 215

"marmari", "malmai", an., sw. M. (n): nhd. "Marmor"; # Hinweise: vgl. ahd. "marma", ahd. "marmul"*; I.: Lw. lat. "marmor", Lw. gr. "mármaros"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer" (5), "*mere" , V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Literaturhinweise: Vr 379b

"marmor", mnd., M.: nhd. "Marmor"; # Hinweise: s. "marmelsteen", vgl. mhd. "marmel"; # Etymologie: s. ahd. "marmul"* 2, st. M. (a?, i?), "Marmor"; s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer-" (5), "*mere-", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Literaturhinweise: MndHwb 2, 918 ("marmor")

"marmorfaz"* 1, ahd., st. N. (a): nhd. "Marmorgefäß", "Alabastergefäß", "Salbfass"; ne. "marble vase", "oil vessel"; # Übersetzungsgleichung: lat. "alabastrum" Gl; # Quellen: Gl (9. Jh.); I.: z. T. Lw. lat. "marmor", Lsch. lat. "alabastrum"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer" (5), "*mere", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; s. ahd. "faz"

"marmul"* 2, ahd., st. M. (a?, i?): nhd. "Marmor"; ne. "marble" (N.); # Übersetzungsgleichung: lat. "marmor" Gl; # Hinweise: s. "murmul"*; # Quellen: Gl (nach 765?); I.: Lw. lat. "marmor"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; idg. "*mer" (5), "*mere", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735; # Weiterleben: mhd. "marmel", "mermel", st. M., "Marmor"; nhd. "Marmel", M., "Marmor", DW 12, 1659

"*mer-" (5), "*mere", idg., V.: nhd. "reiben", "packen", "rauben"; ne. rub (V.), "rub" (V.) up, "rob"; RB.: Pokorny 735 (1230/95), ind., iran., arm., gr., alb.?, ital., kelt., germ., balt., slaw., heth.; # Hinweise: s. "*mer-" (4), "*morõ", "*merd", "*merk-" (1), "*merk" (2) (?), "*merk", "*mers", "*mrýku";

• Weiterleben: s. gr. "maraínein", V., "auslöschen", "vernichten", "zugrunde richten", "aufreiben";
• Weiterleben: s. gr. "mímarkys", F., "Eingeweide geschlachteter Tiere mit Blut angemacht", "Blutwurst";
• Weiterleben: s. gr. "marasmós", M., "Hinschwinden", "Kräfteverfall";
• Weiterleben: s. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; an. "marmari", "malmai", sw. M. (n), "Marmor";
• Weiterleben: s. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; ae. "marma", sw. M. (n), "Marmor";
• Weiterleben: s. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; ahd. "marmul"* 2, st. M. (a?, i?), "Marmor"; mhd. "marmel", "mermel", st. M., "Marmor"; nhd. "Marmel", M., "Marmor", DW 12, 1659;
• Weiterleben: s. gr. "mármaros", M., "weißer Stein", "Felsblock"; lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; ahd. "murmul"* 1, st. M. (a?, i?), "Marmor"; nhd. "Murmel", M., "Marmor", "Murmel", DW 12, 2718;
• Weiterleben: s. gr. "ameírein", V., "berauben";
• Weiterleben: vgl. gr. "amérdein", V., "berauben";
• Weiterleben: vgl. gr. "smerdaléos", Adj., "schrecklich", "furchtbar";
• Weiterleben: vgl. gr. "smerdnós", Adj., "schrecklich", "furchtbar";
• Weiterleben: gr. "bláptein", V., "schädigen", "schaden", "schwächen", "entkräften";
• Weiterleben: s. lat. "marcÐre", V., "welk sein" (V.), "kraftlos sein" (V.), "träge sein" (V.), "matt", "enträftet";
• Weiterleben: vgl. lat. "morbus", M., "Krankheit";
• Weiterleben: vgl. lat. "mortõrium", N., "Mörser"; germ. "*mortari", M., "Mörser"; ae. "mortere", st. M. (ja), "Mörtel";
• Weiterleben: vgl. lat. "mortõrium", N., "Mörser"; germ. "*mortari", M., "Mörser"; ahd. "mortõri" 10, st. M. (ja), "Mörser", "Mörtel"; s. nhd. "Mörtel", M., "Mörtel", DW 12, 2594;
• Weiterleben: s. lat. "murcus", Adj., "verstümmelt";
• Weiterleben: vgl. lat. "mðrcidus", Adj., "träge", "schlaff";
• Weiterleben: vgl. gall. "embrekton", N., "eingetunkter Bissen"; lat. "imbractum", N., "eingetunkter Bissen"?;
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*marjan", sw. V., "zerstoßen" (V.), "zerreiben"; an. "merja", sw. V. (1), "schlagen", "zerschlagen" (V.);
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*marjan", sw. V., "zerstoßen", "zerreiben"; ae. "m'rian", sw. V. (1), "läutern", "reinigen", "prüfen";
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*murs-", V., "zerbröckeln"; ahd. "morsõri" 21, "morsõli", st. M. (ja), "Mörser"; mhd. "morsÏre", "mörser", st. M., "Mörser", "Geschütz"; nhd. "Mörser", M., "Mörser", "Gefäß zum Zerstoßen", DW 12, 2592;
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*murt", V., "zerbröckeln"; vgl. afries. "mertla" 1 und häufiger?, sw. M. (n), "Verstümmelung";
• Weiterleben: vgl. germ. "*marwa", "*marwaz", "*marwja", "*marwjaz", Adj., "mürbe", "zart", "fein"; an. "meyrr", Adj., "mürbe", "weich";
• Weiterleben: vgl. germ. "*marwa", "*marwaz", "*marwja", "*marwjaz", Adj., "mürbe", "zart", "fein"; ae. "mear" u, Adj., "zart", "weich", "zerbrechlich";
• Weiterleben: vgl. germ. "*marwa", "*marwaz", "*marwja", "*marwjaz", Adj., "mürbe", "zart", "fein"; ahd. "maro" 11, Adj., "mürbe", "weich", "zart", "welk"; s. mhd. "mar", Adj., "reif", "mürbe", "zart";
• Weiterleben: vgl. germ. "*marwa", "*marwaz", "*marwja", "*marwjaz", Adj., "mürbe", "zart", "fein"; ahd. "marawi"* 1, Adj., "zart";
• Weiterleben: vgl. germ. "*marwa", "*marwaz", "*marwja", "*marwjaz", Adj., "mürbe", "zart", "fein"; ahd. "muruwi"* 12, Adj., "zart", "jung", "weich"; mhd. "mürwe", Adj., "zerbrechlich", "mürbe", "dünn", "zart", "schwach", "welk"; nhd. "mürbe", Adj., "mürbe", "weich", DW 12, 2713;
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*smarta", "*smartaz", Adj., "schmerzend"; ae. "smeart", Adj., "schmerzend", "schmerzhaft";
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*smarta", "*smartaz", Adj., "schmerzend"; afries. "smert" 1 und häufiger?, Adj., "scharf", "schmerzend";
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*smertan", st. V., "schmerzen"; ae. "smeortan", st. V. (3b), "schmerzen";
• Weiterleben: s. germ. "*smertan", st. V., "schmerzen"; ahd. "smerzan" 7, st. V. (3b), "schmerzen", "verwunden", "leid tun"; mhd. "smërzen", st. V., "schmerzen"; nhd. "schmerzen", sw. V., "schmerzen", "Schmerzen empfinden", DW 15, 1039

"murmul"* 1, ahd., st. M. (a?, i?): nhd. "Marmor"; ne. "marble" (N.); # Übersetzungsgleichung: lat. "marmor" Gl; # Hinweise: s. "marmorÆn"*, "marmul"*; # Quellen: Gl (Ende 8. Jh.); I.: Lw. lat. "marmor"; # Etymologie: s. lat. "marmor", N., "Marmor"; vgl. gr. "mármaros", M., weißer Stein, Felsblock; idg. "*mer" (5), "*mere", V., "reiben", "packen", "rauben", Pokorny 735;

• Weiterleben: nhd. "Murmel", M., "Marmor", "Murmel", DW 12, 2718

From Oded Dagan:

I have noticed that the word "marble" - the shiny stone - is spelled differently in different European languages (French "marbre", Latin "marmaris", etc.). Why?.

Different languages adapt foreign words so that they are pronounceable using familiar phonemes. "Marble" comes ultimately from Greek "mármaros" which one source suggests originally referred to any kind of "hard stone". That same source believes that the word's similarity to "marmaírein" = "shine" influenced "mármaros" change in meaning to strictly "marble", and that the ultimate origin of "mármaros" is not known. Another school suggests that "mármaros" was probably originally an adjective meaning "sparkling" and that the verb "marmaírein" derives from that.

Latin borrowed "mármaros" as "marmor", and Old French took it from Latin in the form "marbre". That mutated to "marble", which English borrowed directly from French in the 13th century at the very latest. English also used the Latin form until as late as the 17th century.

MEANING AND ORIGIN OF THE PHRASE "TO LOSE ONE’S MARBLES"

Pascal Trégueret

The noun "marble", denoting a hard crystalline metamorphic rock resulting from the recrystallization of a limestone, is from Anglo-Norman forms such as "marbre" and "marbelle", and from Old-French forms such as "marbre", "maubre" and "mabre", from classical Latin "marmor".

This Latin noun is from ancient Greek "mármaros", "shining stone", "marble", of uncertain origin, but popularly related to "marmáreos", "flashing", "gleaming", and "marmaírein", to "sparkle".

French "marbre" shows unusual dissimilation of "m–m", while English marble shows dissimilation of "r–r", as does "pilgrim", from Latin "peregrinus" (cf. English "peregrine").

A "marble" is a little ball made originally of "marble" and now usually of glass, porcelain, baked clay, etc., used in a children’s game. In the classic "game of marbles", the players take turns at shooting their own "marble", with finger and thumb, at "marbles" inside a ring, trying to knock the "marbles" out of the ring to win them.

In the late 19th century, the discomfiture of a boy who has "lost his marbles" seems to have been to a certain extent proverbial in American English. For instance, the following is from The Daily Shreveport Times (Shreveport, Louisiana) of 28th March 1876:

We scarcely know how to characterise the production of Mr. Wheelock, President of the New Orleans and Pacific Railroad Company […]. It sounds like the passionate ravings of a school boy who has "lost his marbles" at a game of “keeps,” and wishes to charge his schoolfellows with putting up a job and cheating him.

Another example is from The Use of Double Negatives in English, published in The Hickory Press (Hickory, North Carolina) of 7th January 1897:

In colloquial use, a large per cent. use double negatives where one should be used, yet are rarely misunderstood. Who can mistake the meaning of the boy when he had "lost his marbles" playing “keeps”: “You needn’t say nothing no more to me about no marbles.”

This is most probably why the plural "marbles" came to be figuratively used to mean mental faculties, common sense, in the phrases "to lose one’s marbles", "to have (or not have) all one’s marbles", and variants.

The earliest instance of this figurative usage that I have found is from the Daily Charlotte Observer (Charlotte, North Carolina) of 19th July 1895; a reporter wrote that, during a baseball match between the Quicksteps of Charlotte and the Blue Shirts of Greensboro:

Umpire Harrill "lost his marbles" in the eighth inning and called five balls on one man before giving him his base.

Another early instance is from the Indianapolis Morning Star (Indianapolis, Indiana) of 1st June 1907. An article reported that the question raised in court the day before was whether George Rhodius, “the dissipated Indianapolis millionaire”, was insane. A woman named Elma Dare had allegedly kidnapped him and taken him to Louisville, where they got married. Jesse Stodghill, the hackman who drove the carriage in which Dare and Rhodius went to the train station on the night they left Indianapolis for Louisville thus testified:

“He [= Rhodius] looked to me like a man who didn’t have all his marbles with him.”
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You’ve probably seen many marble statues, haven’t you? "Marble" is limestone that has been changed into a hard rock and is used in sculpture and in construction. Figuratively, something that resembles this rock, because it seems similarly hard, cold, or smooth can be called marble, as can something that has streaked coloring like some types of the material. In these literal and figurative senses, marble is uncountable. As a count noun, a marble is a little ball of glass that kids used to play with a lot and, in the plural, it is the name of the game they played. Colloquially and always in the plural, "marbles" means "sanity", "wits". As an adjective, it means "made of marble" or "resembling marble".

Example sentences

• The sculptor has bought a block of marble for her new statue.
• The builder is planning to use marble for the floors in the new house.
• Amanda's brother claimed she had "a heart of marble".
• James is proud of his large collection of marbles.
• The kids were "playing marbles" in the schoolyard.
• My grandmother is 95, but she still has "all her marbles".
• The new kitchen had "marble counters".
• The news caused Oliver to furrow his smooth "marble brow" for a moment.

Words often used with marble

"lose your marbles": "lose your mental faculties or sanity". Example: “You’ve given up a good job to go backpacking around the world at the age of 55? Have you lost your marbles?”

In pop culture

In these days of constant electronic entertainment, we aren’t sure how many children still "play marbles", but it certainly was a popular game for kids for centuries. Originally, the balls would have been made out of marble, which is how they got their name, but now they are nearly always made of glass. If you or your children would like to know how to play, this short video will get you started:
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Additional information

"Marble" can also be used as a verb. When it is, "to marble" means "to give something the appearance of marble". Example: “The artist used a mixture of oil paint and water to marble a sheet of paper.”

Did you know?

As a count noun, a "marble" can be a "marble statue or sculpture". In this sense, it is particularly used in the plural to refer to collections of sculptures, such as the "Elgin Marbles", which are housed at the British Museum in London. The "Elgin Marbles" are part of a larger collection called the "Parthenon Sculptures" because it includes all the surviving sculptures from the Parthenon in Athens. The "Elgin Marbles" have been a subject of contention between the Greek and UK governments for decades, with the Greek government petitioning for the marbles’ return since the early 1980s. You can read more about the "Parthenon Sculptures", the "Elgin Marbles", and the controversy on the British Museum’s website.

Origin

"Marble", meaning the type of stone, dates back to the mid-12th century, in the form of the late Old English noun "marmel", which came into English from the Old French "marbre", which can be traced back to the Latin "marmor" and the Ancient Greek "mármaros", which meant "marble" or "gleaming stone". Its origin is uncertain, but it is likely related to the Ancient Greek adjective "marmáreos", meaning "gleaming", and the Ancient Greek verb "marmaírein", "to shine" or "to sparkle". Some linguists believe that the origin is geographical: most of the marble the Greeks used came from the "Marmaris sea", above the Aegean. "Mármaros", as well as the two related Ancient Greek words, may have been a reference to this "sparkling" sea.

It’s worth mentioning that "marble" was used in the British Isles before the 12th century. The Latin word "marmor" was often used to name the stone, and soon became the Old English "marbra". Linguists consider, though, that this word was completely replaced by the French form, and date the origin from this dominant noun. By Middle English, "marmel" had dissimilated into "marbel", and the spelling "marble" was fixed in the early 17th century. The meaning "little balls of marble used to play" dates back to the late 17th century. The adjective, meaning "of marble", comes from the noun, and dates back to the late 14th century. The verb also comes from the noun, and dates back to the late 17th century.

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