Etymologie, Etimología, Étymologie, Etimologia, Etymology, (griech.) etymología, (lat.) etymologia, (esper.) etimologio
AZ Aserbaidschan, Azerbaiyán, Azerbaďdjan, Azerbaigian, Azerbaijan, (esper.) Azerbajgano
Ethnonym, Ethnónimo, Ethnonyme, Ethnonimo, Ethnonym, (esper.) etnonimoj

Azerbaijani (W3)

Dictionaries

• Azeri Orthographic Dictionary
• Babylon Azeri Dictionary
• English - Azeri Dictionary
• Lexlogos Azeri-English Dictionary

Grammars

• Azeri Grammar
• Learn Azeri

Language Resources

• Azerbaijani Profile
• Azerbaijan Newspapers
• Azerbaijani Radio Stations
• Azeri Fonts

Azerbaijani

Azerbaijani

• "Azerbaijani" of or pertaining to Azerbaijan or the people or culture of Azerbaijan
• "Azerbaijani monetary unit" monetary unit in Azerbaijan
• "Azerbaijani Republic" a landlocked republic in southwestern Asia
• Gary Kasparov: Azerbaijani chess master who became world champion in 1985 by defeating Anatoli Karpov (born in 1963)
• Gary Weinstein: Azerbaijani chess master who became world champion in 1985 by defeating Anatoli Karpov (born in 1963)
• Kasparov: Azerbaijani chess master who became world champion in 1985 by defeating Anatoli Karpov (born in 1963)

"Aserbaidschan", "Azerbaycan": Vielleicht leitet sich der Landesname von "azer" (= "Feuer") und "baydjan" (= "Hüter"), d. h. "Hüter des Feuers" ab.

"Azerbaijan": Native spelling "Azerbaycan" (from surface fires on ancient oil pools); its ancient name, "(Media) Atropatene" (in Greek and Latin) or "Aturpatakan" (in Armenian), actually referring to the present-day Azerbaijan region of Iran. The name became "Azerbaijan" in Arabic. The Persians knew the territory of the modern republic of Azerbaijan as "Aran"; and in classical times it became "(Caucasian) Albania" and, in part, "(Caucasian) Iberia", although this last term corresponds mostly to the present-day republic of Georgia. The region of "Media Atropatene" lay further to the south: south of the River Araxes. "Aran" may derive from the same root as modern "Iran", while "Albania" and "Iberia" appear as toponyms of Caucasus mountain derivation. The name "(Media) Atropatene" comes from "Atropates" ("fire protector" in Middle Persian) who ruled as the independent Iranian satrap at the time of the Seleucids.

The modern ethnonym "Azerbaijani" has often become the subject of sharp differences of opinion between the ethnically Turkic inhabitants of the modern republic of Azerbaijan and the inhabitants of the Persian-dominated neighboring republic of Iran. Iranians regard the names "Azerbaijan" and "Atropatene" as expressions of historically Persian culture, and therefore often refer to the modern republic of Azerbaijan as "Turkish Azerbaijan", and to its inhabitants as "Azerbaijani Turks". In contrast, Turkophone Azerbaijanis insist on their own place as an historically continuous presence in Azerbaijani history. The suffix "-an" in Persian means "land".

"Azerbaijan": "Land of Aturpat", a Hellenistic-era king over a region in present-day Iranian Azarbaijan and Iranian Kurdistan, south of the modern state. Despite this difference, the present name was chosen by the Musavat to replace the Russian names "Transcaucasia" and "Baku" in 1918. "Azerbaijan" derives from Persian "Azarbaydjan", from earlier "Adharbayagan" and "Adharbadhagan", from Middle Persian "Aturpatakan", from Old Persian "Atropatkan". (The name is often derived from the Greek "Atropatene", "Atropátios Medía", or "Tropatene", although these were exonyms and "Atropatkan" was never thoroughly Hellenized.) "Atropatkan" was a renaming of the Achaemenian XVIII Satrapy of Eastern Armenia, comprising Matiene and the surrounding Urartians and Saspirians, upon Aturpat's declaration of independence from the Diadochi Seleucus following the death of Alexander the Great. Aturpat's own name is the Old Persian for "protected by atar", the holy fire of Zoroastrianism.

"Albania", a former name: From the Latin "Albania", from the Greek "Albanía", related to the Old Armenian "Aluank". The native Lezgic name(s) for the country is unknown, but Strabo reported its people to have 26 different languages and to have only been recently unified in his time. It is often referenced as "Caucasian Albania" in modern scholarship to distinguish it from the European country above.

"Arran", a former name: From the Middle Persian "Arran", from Parthian "Ardhan", derived via rhotacism from earlier names as above.

"Transcaucasia", a former name: A Latinization of the Russian name "Zakavkaz'e", both meaning "across the Caucasus Mountains" — i.e., from Russia. It appeared in the names of two states, the "Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic" and the "Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic".